1 Kings 16:13
For all the sins of Baasha, and the sins of Elah his son, by which they sinned, and by which they made Israel to sin, in provoking the LORD God of Israel to anger with their vanities.
Original Language Analysis
כָּל
H3605
כָּל
Strong's:
H3605
Word #:
2 of 19
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
וְחַטֹּ֖אות
For all the sins
H2403
וְחַטֹּ֖אות
For all the sins
Strong's:
H2403
Word #:
3 of 19
an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiation; also (concretely) an offender
וְחַטֹּ֖אות
For all the sins
H2403
וְחַטֹּ֖אות
For all the sins
Strong's:
H2403
Word #:
5 of 19
an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiation; also (concretely) an offender
אֵלָ֣ה
of Elah
H425
אֵלָ֣ה
of Elah
Strong's:
H425
Word #:
6 of 19
elah, the name of an edomite, of four israelites, and also of a place in palestine
בְנ֑וֹ
his son
H1121
בְנ֑וֹ
his son
Strong's:
H1121
Word #:
7 of 19
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
H834
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
Strong's:
H834
Word #:
8 of 19
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
הֶֽחֱטִ֙יאוּ֙
by which they sinned
H2398
הֶֽחֱטִ֙יאוּ֙
by which they sinned
Strong's:
H2398
Word #:
9 of 19
properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn
וַֽאֲשֶׁ֤ר
H834
וַֽאֲשֶׁ֤ר
Strong's:
H834
Word #:
10 of 19
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
הֶֽחֱטִ֙יאוּ֙
by which they sinned
H2398
הֶֽחֱטִ֙יאוּ֙
by which they sinned
Strong's:
H2398
Word #:
11 of 19
properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn
אֶת
H853
אֶת
Strong's:
H853
Word #:
12 of 19
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל
and by which they made Israel
H3478
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל
and by which they made Israel
Strong's:
H3478
Word #:
13 of 19
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
לְהַכְעִ֗יס
to anger
H3707
לְהַכְעִ֗יס
to anger
Strong's:
H3707
Word #:
14 of 19
to trouble; by implication, to grieve, rage, be indignant
אֶת
H853
אֶת
Strong's:
H853
Word #:
15 of 19
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
יְהוָ֛ה
in provoking the LORD
H3068
יְהוָ֛ה
in provoking the LORD
Strong's:
H3068
Word #:
16 of 19
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אֱלֹהֵ֥י
God
H430
אֱלֹהֵ֥י
God
Strong's:
H430
Word #:
17 of 19
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
Cross References
Deuteronomy 32:21They have moved me to jealousy with that which is not God; they have provoked me to anger with their vanities: and I will move them to jealousy with those which are not a people; I will provoke them to anger with a foolish nation.Isaiah 41:29Behold, they are all vanity; their works are nothing: their molten images are wind and confusion.1 Kings 15:30Because of the sins of Jeroboam which he sinned, and which he made Israel sin, by his provocation wherewith he provoked the LORD God of Israel to anger.1 Samuel 12:21And turn ye not aside: for then should ye go after vain things, which cannot profit nor deliver; for they are vain.
Historical Context
First Kings was written during or after the Babylonian exile (6th century BCE), reflecting on the monarchy period (10th-9th centuries BCE) to explain why the kingdoms fell. This period (c. 930-850 BCE) saw rapid succession and instability, especially in the northern kingdom.
Ancient Near Eastern kingship ideology viewed kings as divine representatives responsible for maintaining cosmic order through right worship. Archaeological discoveries from sites like Megiddo, Hazor, and Samaria confirm the historical reliability of 1 Kings' descriptions of building projects and administrative structures.
Questions for Reflection
- How does this passage illustrate the importance of complete obedience to God's word without compromise?
- What does Elijah's ministry reveal about God's character and His commitment to His covenant people?
- How does this verse point toward or prepare for the coming of Christ and His eternal kingdom?
Related Resources
Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.
Analysis & Commentary
For all the sins of Baasha, and the sins of Elah his son, by which they sinned, and by which they made Israel to sin, in provoking the LORD God of Israel to anger with their vanities.
This verse contributes to the broader narrative of kings of israel: elah, zimri, omri, ahab, within the book's focus on spiritual decline of both kingdoms under various rulers.
The Hebrew text reveals nuances important for understanding this passage's contribution to 1 Kings' theological message about kingship, covenant, and faithfulness to Yahweh. This verse demonstrates the consequences when God's people—especially their leaders—either follow or forsake the covenant established at Sinai.