1 Kings 16:13

Authorized King James Version

For all the sins of Baasha, and the sins of Elah his son, by which they sinned, and by which they made Israel to sin, in provoking the LORD God of Israel to anger with their vanities.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אֶ֚ל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#2
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#3
וְחַטֹּ֖אות
For all the sins
an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiation; also (concretely) an offender
#4
בַּעְשָׁ֔א
of Baasha
basha, a king of israel
#5
וְחַטֹּ֖אות
For all the sins
an offence (sometimes habitual sinfulness), and its penalty, occasion, sacrifice, or expiation; also (concretely) an offender
#6
אֵלָ֣ה
of Elah
elah, the name of an edomite, of four israelites, and also of a place in palestine
#7
בְנ֑וֹ
his son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#8
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#9
הֶֽחֱטִ֙יאוּ֙
by which they sinned
properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn
#10
וַֽאֲשֶׁ֤ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#11
הֶֽחֱטִ֙יאוּ֙
by which they sinned
properly, to miss; hence (figuratively and generally) to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, (causatively) lead astray, condemn
#12
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#13
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל
and by which they made Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#14
לְהַכְעִ֗יס
to anger
to trouble; by implication, to grieve, rage, be indignant
#15
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#16
יְהוָ֛ה
in provoking the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#17
אֱלֹהֵ֥י
God
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
#18
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל
and by which they made Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#19
בְּהַבְלֵיהֶֽם׃
with their vanities
emptiness or vanity; figuratively, something transitory and unsatisfactory; often used as an adverb

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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